包装机械噪音危险和降噪措施

噪音危险是包装机械常见机械风险中的一项，申请CE认证时必须要考核和满足的要求

Noise噪音危险

Noise generated by packaging machines can result in: 包装机产生的噪音可导致:

— permanent hearing loss; 永久性听力损失

— tinnitus; 耳鸣

— fatigue, stress, etc.; 疲劳,压力等;

— other effects such as loss of balance, loss of awareness; 其他影响，如失去平衡，失去意识;

— interference with speech communication; 干扰语音交流;

— inability to hear acoustic warning signals. 无法听到声音警告信号。

Noise reduction噪声消减

The main sources of noise on packaging machines are:

包装机械的主要噪音来源有:

a) drive mechanisms; 驱动机制;

b) vacuum pumps; 真空泵

c) compressed air exhaust; 压缩空气排气;

d) products (e.g. glass bottles and cans) or machine parts hitting against each other;

产品(如玻璃瓶及易拉罐)或机器零件互相碰撞;

e) packaging materials, e.g. unreeling strap or film; 包装材料，例如解开带子或薄膜;

f) mechanisms hitting against each other, e.g. during the welding process;

相互碰撞的机构，例如在焊接过程中;

g) conveyors. 输送带

Packaging machines shall as far as is reasonably practicable be designed to reduce noise at its source.

包装机械的设计应在合理可行的范围内，从源头上减少噪音。

Measures to minimize or eliminate noise at source include the following:

减少或消除噪音的措施包括:

h) designing mechanisms so that they do not hit against each other;

设计一种机制，使它们不会相互碰撞;

i) using rubber rollers; 使用橡胶辊;

j) using timing belts instead of chains; 使用正时皮带代替链条;

k) using helical instead of straight cut gears; 采用螺旋齿轮代替直齿;

l) limiting the running speed or pressure or other energy of the machine or auxiliaries;

限制机器或辅助设备的运行速度、压力或其他能量;

m) using vibration isolators; 使用振动器;

n) fitting air exhausts with silencers; 在排气口加装消音器;

o) use of damping materials on vibrating or impacted metal surfaces to reduce resonance; 在振动或受撞击的金属表面使用阻尼材料以减少共振;

p) installing acoustic absorptive materials on the inside of machinery casings;

在机械外壳内部安装吸声材料;

q) fitting partial or full acoustic enclosures. 安装部分或全部隔音罩。

The criterion for assessing the efficiency of noise reduction measures is the actual noise emission values of the machine and not the nature of the reduction measure itself.

--源自EN 415-10: 2014 Safety of packaging machines- Part 10: General Requirements包装机械的安全。第10部分:一般要求

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